Tender love is killing our batteries | FerrariChat

Tender love is killing our batteries

Discussion in 'FF/Lusso' started by ANOpax, Aug 5, 2021.

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  1. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
    The Netherlands
    As Ferrari owners, we are all used to the mantra that we should keep the car on a battery tender if it is not being used regularly. What I have discovered is that if you put your car on its tender without letting the car cool down, you will rapidly degrade the battery.

    TLDR: The heat in your engine bay reaches more than 80c (175F) after shutdown and takes 12 hours to return to room temperature. Charging a hot battery shortens its life. Avoid attaching your car to the tender until the engine bay has cooled.

    I discovered this after trying to investigate why my Varta AGM battery was performing poorly after only 2 years' use. What I found out is that heat causes lead acid battery degradation and this is due to the higher currents absorbed at higher temperatures.

    From https://www.blueboxbatteries.co.uk/blog/how-does-temperature-affect-lead-acid-batteries-30#.YOcgBxP7SV4 I've extracted the following;

    "Svante Arrhenius, was a Swedish scientist who discovered the life of lead-acid batteries is affected by variations in temperature. He established that for every 10ºC (18F) increase in temperature the battery life would be halved.

    Why is the life reduced? There are many interacting electro-chemical effects but one of the main reasons is that for any given constant voltage that is applied to the battery by the float charger there will be a resultant float current. Lead-acid batteries will accept more current if the temperature is increased and if we accept that the normal end of life is due to corrosion of the grids then the life will be halved if the temperature increases by 10ºC because the current is double for every 10ºC increase in temperature."

    The battery tenders we use are not temperature compensating so they will provide as much current as the charger is rated for and the battery can take. In addition, our car engine bays get hot but the battery remains cool during normal driving due to air flow through the engine bay. The data from my CTEK battery logger on a 11.5hr drive shows that during ordinary running, the temperature is between 30-40c (85-105F). However, on shutdown - even for something like a fuel or comfort stop, the temperature rapidly climbs to 60c (140F). This doesn't matter as long as the battery is not being charged at the higher temperature.

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    The problem comes when the car is safely home and tucked up in the garage. The temptation is to immedately put it on the tender but the second screen shot from my CTEK logger shows that engine bay temperature spikes above 60c (where the CTEK fails to log) and I've seen other FChat members post a battery temp reading of 80-85c (175-185F). The logger shows that it takes a full 12 hours for the engine bay temperature to return to ambient levels.

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    As a result, I would recommend leaving the car for a day after driving before plugging the tender in.

    I’ve done the maths on the degradation caused by plugging the tender in when the battery is hot and it doesn’t seem too bad - you lose 11h40min of battery life every time you do it - which is going to add up to months not years off the battery life so I suspect that other effects are in play as well.

    As a footnote, I tried to replace my failed Varta 850CCA AGM with a cheaper and lighter non-AGM Varta with a 830CCA rating. As it turns out, the real world CCA difference between the two is huge. The AGM battery measures 1150-1200CCA when new. The non AGM battery measures 950CCA when new. Crucially, after less than a month’s use, the non-AGM battery is unable to hold voltage under load (dropping from 12.7v with ignition off to below 12v with ignition on) and the CCA has dropped to 850. I have sent back the non-AGM battery and replaced it with another AGM which I intend to look after more carefully when putting it on the tender.
     
  2. vraa

    vraa F1 Rookie
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    Oct 31, 2003
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    Definitely not a good combination, the v12's require so much cca and they produce so much heat, not a good situation for any battery
     
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  3. Altoria F

    Altoria F Formula Junior

    Jan 24, 2020
    438
    France
    Full Name:
    P
    +100
    Every time I park my Fcar in its garage I open the hood to help the engine bay to cool down.
    Once ambient I close and plug the tender, most often the next day.
     
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  4. italiafan

    italiafan F1 World Champ
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    Jul 19, 2006
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    Stickbones Swagglesmith
    Thank you for this. I’ll change the way I do things.
     
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  5. fatbillybob

    fatbillybob Two Time F1 World Champ
    Consultant Owner

    Aug 10, 2002
    29,026
    socal
    Give your car a few years and your battery will still die. It isn't the heat but your theory sounds good. Car bats work better and last longer when they go through periods of charge discharge. Keeping a battery topped with a tender does it no favors. Bats last longer if you let them have their parasitic drain for a week and then plug in the tender for a week then rinse and repeat. The best is to drive your car. Think about how long a bat lasts in your Ferrari vs. your daily driver. Daily driver bat lasts longer hands down and the ferrari bat never got the workout your daily does.
     
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  6. Il Co-Pilota

    Il Co-Pilota F1 Veteran

    May 29, 2019
    6,023
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    I hate to be a kill-joy, but it won't change anything. The battery sees the most high voltage charging as the car drives. The battery is constantly being charged at a high rate while also cooking underneath the bonnet. The OE charger is a very low current unit and is nowhere near as hard on the battery as the internal charging system is.

    Your battery is not dead because you had it on a tender. Your battery is dead because it cooks right above the passenger side exhaust manifold while being rapidly charged during the drive.

    In fact, the OE charger is so weak that it is not even caoable of actually charging a battery to full. It may say full on the LED's, but try and charge it using a 7ah CTek. I promise you that the battery will not float at the same level when charged with the OE charger as when charged with an actual charger.

    Simply put, the OE is nowhere near as damaging to the battery from a heat perspective as the internal charging system is. The FF, Lusso, F12 and 812 all share the same issue. They cook the battery.

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  7. PJxxx

    PJxxx Karting

    Sep 14, 2017
    129
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    PJ Cusano
    Sick DD. Thank you


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  8. nickorette

    nickorette Formula Junior
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    Jun 19, 2017
    375
    Canada
    What about lithium batteries?
     
  9. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
    The Netherlands
    All fair points - but;

    1 Most of us are using upgraded CTEK chargers which are capable of delivering 5 or in some cases, 7 amps.

    2 As I noted with my first chart, the heat in the battery bay while driving doesn’t get above 30-40c (85-105F). So even though the temperature is raised, it’s not raised enough to be damaging. I calculated that if I drive 5,000km a year at an average 100km/h I will degrade my battery life by 1.5 days. It’s not really meaningful.

    3 Based on my research, it is charge current which kills the battery, not charge voltage. In fact, if the car charging system pushes a higher voltage at the battery then I would expect the current to be lower (though I have not been able to verify this).
     
  10. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
    The Netherlands
    I agree - which is why the aftermarket CTEK tender I’m using is intelligent enough to cycle the battery (it’s possible to see this in the battery condition and voltage data logs below).

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  11. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
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    #11 ANOpax, Aug 6, 2021
    Last edited: Aug 6, 2021
    Lithium is also degraded by heat but this is not due to overcharging (as in the case of lead acid) as all lithium packs have cell monitoring circuitry to balance the individual cells in the pack and prevent over-discharge. The higher temperature damage for lithium directly harms the cell chemistry and structure. This is why thermal management and cooling of large lithium battery packs (for EVs and aircraft for example) is so important. According to the chart, you could be seeing a 70-80% life reduction at higher temperatures (which is similar to lead acid). This is why I'm sceptical that lithium batteries are good value. I can buy 5 or 6 AGM batteries for the price of one lithium battery. Even if the AGM degrades after 2-3 years, the lithium would need to last 10-18 years for it to come out ahead.

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  12. Pouhon

    Pouhon Rookie

    Jun 22, 2021
    4
    Yorkshire, UK
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    Pouhon
    I think this is a very pragmatic approach. Thanks ANOpax for posting (as always) very useful information and for taking the time to run these tests. Your extensive posts here and on pistonheads are always valuable and have been incredibly helpful for me particularly as I have recently taking delivery of an FF as my first Ferrari.

    Cheers
     
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  13. Bamsefar

    Bamsefar Formula Junior

    Nov 26, 2012
    524
    Great stuff from all, I just have two minor questions:

    a) Which is the optimal (?!) CTEK charger, is it for example the MXS 7.0 or the MXS 10?

    b) Will an upgraded charger work over the magnetic connection in the rear of an FF (2016)? Or is there any limitations on that connection?

    I would hope that one day there is a Lithium battery that actually works for DD usage and fits the compartment....
     
  14. Caeruleus11

    Caeruleus11 F1 World Champ
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    Jun 11, 2013
    11,626
    I think several companies are using the magnetic connector now and you can often find them on eBay. There are people who are also making the connector for the older style connector. The only exception here is the Lithium battery in the Pista and maybe F8.

    I think a pragmatic approach also, the only problem I have is I know I would forget to plug in and then sometimes leave a car for maybe a few weeks- so I will accept that the battery life could be shortened. All I can tell you is my approach for 17 years now is to plug them in after driving because I worry I would forget, and in that time Ive had batteries last for 10+ years and others fail within 18 months. There doesn’t really seem to be much rhyme or reason to me but then again, I am not taking the detailed approach which you all have applied here, I am only telling you my observations. I will add another factor for your consideration: the battery originally supplied is sometimes faulty. We’ve had several cars that do not get put on tenders have batteries fail between 6-18 months and they all had bad cells. You would never know until it seems like your battery is not powerful enough to turn over the engine but a typical tender will show no faults and it can charge right up. Bring it in for warranty and the dealer says- gee this battery has bad cells. The only time I put it on a tender was at the end to see if it would charge up, and it did unusually quickly. A worthwhile discussion for sure. Seems to me there’s never a free lunch. You just have to decide which set of issues you will face.


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  15. Il Co-Pilota

    Il Co-Pilota F1 Veteran

    May 29, 2019
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    I use these, work a treat.
    https://www.ebay.com/itm/182967461758?_trkparms=aid%3D1110006%26algo%3DHOMESPLICE.SIM%26ao%3D1%26asc%3D233199%26meid%3D249596b101624d6388dcbc10528d2731%26pid%3D101224%26rk%3D3%26rkt%3D5%26sd%3D183641012432%26itm%3D182967461758%26pmt%3D0%26noa%3D1%26pg%3D2047675%26algv%3DDefaultOrganic%26brand%3DFerrari&_trksid=p2047675.c101224.m-1
    Works with the 7A charger. As long as the 10A charger has the same plug, then there should not be an issue.
     
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  16. vraa

    vraa F1 Rookie
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    I just wish it wasn't so expensive, definitely Ferrari tax applied lol
     
  17. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
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    Thank you - I really appreciate the feedback. Welcome to the forum and FF ownership. Please let us know how you get on with your new car and of course, photos are mandatory!
     
  18. SeattleStew

    SeattleStew Formula 3
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    Apr 10, 2020
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    Stew
    My solution is to drive my 812 daily. Don't need a charger when the alternator works :p
     
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  19. Solid State

    Solid State F1 World Champ
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    Feb 4, 2014
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    Thanks for the post! I found it only takes a couple hours or so for the engine compartment to cool way down with the hood up. I also like to blow off the car in the garage after a ride with a blower. It keeps the paint clean and cools the battery down which does indeed get cooked up against the passenger side header. If you have the CTEK monitor try doing the same and see what data you get. Agree about lithiums. All batteries are consumable items similar to tires, belts and fluids.
     
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  20. 350MH83

    350MH83 Formula 3

    Jul 11, 2014
    1,180
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    Regarding #3: the higher voltage will lead to a higher current. A battery as an internal resistance which basically means that the amount of current going in increases the voltage between its connectors. And vice versa. So the question really is: Is 13.4V at 40DegC (and its corresponding charging current) worse than 12.8V at 60DegC? difficult question to answer as you also need to take into account the time spent in each configuration.
    It is also worth noting that the battery is not being charged continuously during driving. If you monitor the battery voltage, you will see it goes to 13.4-13.5V during deceleration, but goes back to 12.2-12.7V (ie normal battery voltage without alternator and with a light load) under normal use. So the ECU is programmed for the alternator to charge the battery only during deceleration, which increases mileage.
     
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  21. ANOpax

    ANOpax Formula 3

    Jul 1, 2015
    1,358
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    Thank you for the explanation Max, it's very helpful.
     
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