US vs. Euro Dino horsepower | FerrariChat

US vs. Euro Dino horsepower

Discussion in '206/246' started by DinoLasse, Jul 30, 2011.

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  1. DinoLasse

    DinoLasse Formula Junior
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    #1 DinoLasse, Jul 30, 2011
    Last edited: Jul 30, 2011
    Several members on this forum have expressed surprise or scepticism about the supposed 20 hp difference between the US and Euro versions of the Dino. Those who have driven both versions say that they hardly notice any difference.

    It turns out that the 175 hp figure published in the Road & Track test - and then apparently taken as gospel and absolute truth by everyone - was an estimated figure. It was never measured. That brings up the question: If a Euro version is producing 195 hp on the dyno, how much would an emission controlled US Dino engine produce?

    If you consider how the emission controls were implemented, the surprising conclusion has to be: The identical 195 hp!
    It seems to me that Ferrari engineers went out of their way to make sure that no power would be lost at full throttle, high rpm operation. Drivability may have been compromised a bit, but not top end power.


    Here are the differences between the US and non-US engines, as far as I am aware.
    If anybody has additional or contrary information, I would be interested to hear it.

    First, the main emission control device is an air pump, which injects air into the exhaust manifold.This pump causes some drag on the engine, but probably no more than 2-3 hp. At over 4200 rpm an electric clutch disconnects the pump. At high rpms, where the max. horsepower is measured, the air pump is out of the circuit and causes no loss at all.

    Secondly, the US version has a different distributor with two active set of points. The second set of points is retarded, but it is only activated during idle. So, except at idle, there is no loss of power from this arrangement either.

    Third, the US distributor has a different advance curve. This could cause a difference in torque levels as the engine accelerates through the rpm range. But at high rpms, the US distributor provides just as much advance as the stock distributor. In fact, if I remember correctly, it even provides a few degrees more of advance. So, again, no loss of power at high rpms.

    Fourth, the exhaust headers are unique to the US version, I believe. But they appear to be of a very well designed, free flowing type, so no power loss is to be expected there either. The spacers between the headers and heads (were the air injector nozzles are mounted) could theoretically cause minor obstructions to the gas flow if they are not properly aligned, but then we are really grasping for straws.

    Everything else in the engines are the same:

    Bore and stroke: Identical (obviously)
    Pistons: Identical
    Compression ratio: Identical
    Camshafts: Identical
    Camshaft timing: Identical
    Carburators: Identical
    Carburator jettings: Identical (surprisingly)

    Am I missing something here? Based on these facts, my conclusion is that the stock emission controlled US engine will produce horsepowers which are almost identical to the Euro version. Drivability and throttle response, particularly from idle, might be less than perfect, but full throttle, high rpm horsepower should be the same. There is no way in the world how 20 hp can be lost with this comparatively gentle emission control system, which is active only in the lower rpm range.

    It is unclear who made the 175 hp estimate (a 10% loss, a common figure for many other emission controlled engines), and why Ferrari let this grossly inaccurate figure remain on the books for the US version.

    More proof:
    Searching older threads on this subject, I came across only one which included horsepower measurements on a dyno. It was the US Dino belonging to dm_n_stuff (now belonging to Uro, I believe). Stock, except for slightly higher compression pistons (10.5:1) and some other minor tweaks, it produced 176.5 hp at the rear wheels. Estimated power at the crank: Over 200 hp.
    http://www.ferrarichat.com/forum/showthread.php?t=55952&highlight=Dino+horsepower

    Even more proof:
    On Carobu Engineering´s web site, there is a picture and a video clip of a Dino 246 engine on a dyno. (It looks like a US engine with stock headers, but I am not 100% sure.) It has been rebuilt to stock specifications, except for pistons with mildly higher compression ratio (10:1). It is producing 199 hp. From that figure one can easily imagine that it would produce 190 to 195 hp with stock pistons.
    http://www.carobu.com/html/246_dino.html


    I hope we never have to hear about those "20 hp less US engines" again. It just ain´t so.
     
  2. tx246

    tx246 F1 Veteran
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    I have driven both and can't tell a difference. There is a better chance, today, that the strength of the engine would be the deciding factor - and that can go either way.
     
  3. Nickrry

    Nickrry Karting

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    I hate to be a kill joy but in standard format my euro engine produced 160bhp on a well callibrated rolling road. When I spoke to the guru's they said that was normal and all I could expect! After many modifications I now get 199bhp - little more than the quoted original. I suspect we can't trust the quoted figure of 195!
     
  4. Dino Club Germany

    Dino Club Germany Formula Junior

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    Diagrams from test benches, these are the only interesting stuff-
    everything else is just guessing..
    I worked for 5 years on engine applications and tested all my
    cars "before" and "after" any modification/tunning.

    So please show us your data!

    Here is one mesurement from a Friend with a 2,4L Fiat Dino Coupe.
    Original Engine with around 80000mls: 167 (Euro-) HP

    [​IMG]

    In will test my 246 GT soon.
    Regards
    Nicolai
     
  5. michael bayer

    michael bayer Formula 3

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    Two points to consider
    The emissions air pump can be disconnected from the engine but the air injectors immediately inside the header are the size of a pencil and are at a 30 some degree offfset to the exhaust flow and do disrupt the flow I removed and plugged those on my C4 to significant gain (the entire system is also a great deal of weight not of consequence to the GM sedans it was designed for in the 70s
    Second the Enzo claimed horsepower of all 60s and early 70s cars were at best "aspirational" Fiat's claims were typically more realistic Fiat built all these engines and I have found their HP claims (of euro cars) for the 2.0 and 2.4 engines to be about the top of 2.0 and 2.4 engines that are bone stock
     
  6. GrayTA

    GrayTA F1 World Champ
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    One thing to consider with dyno claims of XXX horsepower is that one dyno is going to measure hp one way, while another will be measured another way. So, unless you really test the two cars side by side on the same dyno on the same day in the same conditions you really wont get a definitive answer.

    I do understand exactly what you are saying and dont disagree with you, just trying to raise a discussion point.


    Just my .02





    PDG
     
  7. DinoLasse

    DinoLasse Formula Junior
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    You are not being a kill joy. It has been claimed by many that Ferrari horsepower figures are optimistic. But 160 hp sounds grim, a full 18% below factory specs.
    What did you do to gain as much as 39 hp? Could you do it with just increased compression and freeing up intake and exhaust gas flow? No camshaft changes, I assume?
     
  8. DinoLasse

    DinoLasse Formula Junior
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    Ineresting chart, Nicolai.
    I assume that Schleppleistung is the transmission power loss. What I don´t understand is, how do you calculate this loss when the engine is in the car? Is it simply a percentage estimate? Would this loss be higher in a Fiat Dino than in a Dino, since the transmission line is longer and the power has to turn 90 degrees in the differential?

    I hope you will publish your charts here after you have your 246 GT tested. A lot of us here would be very interested to see them.
     
  9. DinoLasse

    DinoLasse Formula Junior
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    Good points. The injectors could disturb the exhaust gas flow to some degree. I did not think of that.
    Yes, Fiat apparently assembled both engines, but didn´t the Fiat versions use different exhaust and intake/carburation systems? That could account for at least some of the claimed power difference.
     
  10. DinoLasse

    DinoLasse Formula Junior
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    True. It would be very difficult to relate the two charts above directly to factory figures. Too many variables. Still, I think they are useful as some sort of an indicator of how close to the factory figures we can get. Besides, none of the two were completely stock. It would have been informative if the same tests had been taken also before the modifications/rebuilds.
     
  11. tazandjan

    tazandjan Three Time F1 World Champ
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    The quoted 195 hp is a gross figure, not the net hp that is now required by DOT and European regs. That means the engine was run on an engine dynomometer, not a rear wheel dyno, with no accessories (alternator, air pump, A/C compressor, belts on pulleys, etc), and possibly without even a flywheel, the dyno performing that function. The corrected figure of 160 RWHP by Nick is probably pretty accurate for a 195 gross hp engine. My old 69 911S was rated at 190 SAE gross hp, while in Germany it was rated at 170 hp DIN under more of a net system.

    There are no hp figures quoted in OM supplements 60-72 or 85-74, but your premise that peak hp was very close is likely correct. The air injection would cost some hp, but less as the revs increased and exhaust flow sped up and filled the exhaust.

    Taz
    Terry Phillips
     
  12. Dino Club Germany

    Dino Club Germany Formula Junior

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    Yes, the "Schleppleistung " is the power loss.
    It is measured by staying on the dyno with closed throttle.
    With no acceleration the slowing down of the Dyno say someting about the
    friction etc. and everything between engine and wheels.
    The power loss value is depending on a lot of factors like temperature (oil viscosity etc.
    even dyno bearings) and is not comparable to other measurements on other Dynos.
    But is total power is true, the difference between engine power, power at the wheels and power loss is always relative.
    I agree that the power loss of an Fiat Dino should be higher due to its drivetrain.
     
  13. Dino Club Germany

    Dino Club Germany Formula Junior

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    Thats what was my assumption in the engine chapter of my Dino book.
    There are only two reasons for any power difference between a Fiat Dino and a Dino 246: 1) The exhaust system with in total 8 (!) silencers on Fiat Dino against 1/2 on a 246.
    2) The air intake which is heated air from the engien and water coller against an closed
    "ram air" system on 246 which could make a small boost effect at higher speeds.
     
  14. dm_n_stuff

    dm_n_stuff Four Time F1 World Champ
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    #14 dm_n_stuff, Jul 31, 2011
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 7, 2017
    I dyno'd my US spec car with a refreshed engine and great tune up. It had a few hundred miles on the rebuild. We put in new pistons, valves, valve guides, reshimmed, etc. Car was strong as an ox.

    Oh, Stebro Sport exhaust, too. And, I think the pistons were a little higher compression than the stock items.

    Here's what I got for RWHP. 176.5

    assume 12% loss in the drivetrain = 196 HP at the crank.

    if it's more like 20%, a figure I've seen tossed about, the the car made 211 HP

    I think somewhere in between is probably right.
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  15. dm_n_stuff

    dm_n_stuff Four Time F1 World Champ
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    #15 dm_n_stuff, Jul 31, 2011
    Last edited by a moderator: Sep 7, 2017
  16. BB512 1980

    BB512 1980 Formula 3
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    At that price, do you buy them for their hp ?!!?

    I don't think so.
     
  17. dino clay

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    engine vs chassis dyno is comparing apples and oranges. I ran dynos and I could get any hp figure you wanted to see. Just play with the temps and humidity and rpm ranges and most dyno guys tell you what you want to hear. This is what you do to calibrate a dyno so runs are equal. Oh yeah, can't run a dino w/out the flywheel.
     
  18. TheMayor

    TheMayor Ten Time F1 World Champ
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    Best comment so far.

    I've driven both and found no difference. It's statistically insignificant. Honestly, good or poor tuning makes a bigger difference than Euro or States.
     
  19. UroTrash

    UroTrash Four Time F1 World Champ
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    Dave, looks a bit anemic below 3200 RPM. :)
     
  20. UroTrash

    UroTrash Four Time F1 World Champ
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    You know, we can conjecture about HP all day; why don't you folks dyno your cars and post up the real numbers like Dave did above?
     
  21. DinoLasse

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    I see. The dyno will actually be driving the engine through the driving wheels for a few moments and calculating the power required to do so. That is the transmission/driveline loss. Fascinating.
     
  22. DinoLasse

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    Thanks for that clarification, Taz.
     
  23. DinoLasse

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    Of couse not. But the whole point of this thread was not to discuss the absolute horsepowers produced, but the relative difference between the US and Euro versions. My point was that the published, and widely believed, 20 hp deficiency of the US version is a myth. I think this point has been proven by the responses above, both by objective measurements and by subjective driving impressions. The US version gives up little or nothing compared the the Euro version.
     
  24. dm_n_stuff

    dm_n_stuff Four Time F1 World Champ
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    Not to toss another angle in on this but surely condition of these 40 year old cars is going to effect the results now.

    My car was fresh as a daisy when I put it on the dyno. It was as strong as it ever was going to be, probably, no, certainly better than when it came from the factory.

    I've driven a couple Euro cars that were in poor tune. That was enough to make a world of difference compared to my car. I've driven a 308 that didn't seem to be making as much HP as my Dino did.

    If I had two NEW Dinos to drive in 1972, one Euro, one US, then a reasonable comparison of actual horsepower could be made.

    Remember that the US car has a different distributor than the Euro model, I suspect, as a nod to US emission laws. Also it had an air pump, driven by the motor, right? that had to suck some HP off.

    I don't think the US car had 20 less HP than the Euro car, but I betcha brand new, they weren't the same, either.

    Trying to make this comparison NOW, with old cars in various conditions, is an exercise in futility.

    Having said all that, certainly a car on a dyno can read whatever HP you want, to an extent, and yes, it's for comparison when tuning, not for absolute HP readings, but the two times I had my cars on a dyno, the results were remarkably close to what the cars should make, and neither dyno was run by a guy who had a clue about my car.

    DM
     
  25. BB512 1980

    BB512 1980 Formula 3
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    I know, but thought certain reactions epidermic...
     

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